Title: Effect of Numerical Ability on academic performance in mathematics.
This title (topic) is precise, attainable, realistic, time bound and clearly shows independent and dependent variables. Objective of the study is clearly indicated by title. Precise title shows relationship between independent and dependent variables. Attainable and realistic title allows researcher to measure independent and dependent variable in measurable parameters.
Introduction:
What we write in introduction? Normally it is background of the selected topic. Researcher has to identify importance of his study. Why the study is important? The purpose of research has to be written in introduction. What is the purpose of my research? The research has to yield usefulness. What is the applicability of this research? Will it be useful to anyone in the society? Is it challenging the existing theory? Is it generating new theory?
Write definition and examples of numerical ability. Also write meaning of academic performance. Define academic performance. Why mathematics performance is important to students and parents
Review of Literature:
This refers to earlier researches on similar topics. It is normally available in books, research journals and research articles. You can search reviews off-line and on-line. Mostly pick up title, author, abstract and conclusion to write literature review. Such review helps researcher to develop significant question for own research.
Objectives of study:
1. To measure numerical ability in different conditions.
2. To measure mathematic performance of students.
3. To measure effect of change in numerical ability on academic performance.
What has to be achieved in this research must be clearly stated in objectives. These are intentions of researcher to be achieved so that useful conclusions can be drawn. In case hypothesis is not proved by “research data” then probably objectives will give some insight to researcher. And results can be written on the basis of objectives.
Hypothesis:
1. Coaching on numerical ability improves performance in mathematics scores of students.
2. Coaching on numerical ability increases performance in academic scores of students.
Hypothesis is a tentative statement about cause and effect relationship between independent variable and dependent variable. Hypothesis is normally needed in interventional, case control and covert studies. In interventional study treatment is given to independent variable and effect is observed on dependent variable. In “Case-control” studies observation is made between affectant and Non-affectant. In cohort studies, cause is searched, establishing link between risk factors and health outcomes. It is always planned well in advance and carried over for long time.
Method:
Method includes Sample, Sampling procedure and sample size. It also includes test and tools to be used for data collection. Data collection procedure and Data analysis tools and methods are also given. Study design and statistical analysis is a part of methodology of the study.
Delimitations: it is constraints and limitations of the research work.
Reference: Use APA style while writing references.
